এক গাধা এবং লবনের ভার

একজন বণিকের মাল বহন করার জন্য একটি গাধা ছিল। একদিন সে লবণের বস্তা বোঝাই করে গ্রামের বাজারে চলে গেল। পথে তারা একটি পুকুরের উপর একটি সরু সেতুর কাছে এলো। গাধাটি দুর্ঘটনাক্রমে (by accident)  তাতে পড়ে গেল। প্রচুর পরিমাণে লবণ জলে গলে গেল। গাধাটি হালকা বোঝা বহন করতে স্বাচ্ছন্দ্য বোধ করল।

পরের দিন গাধাটি ইচ্ছাকৃতভাবে (intentionally)  পুকুরে পড়ে দিল। আবারও, লবণের অনেকটা অংশ জলে গলে গেল। গাধাটি খুশি হল, কিন্তু তার মালিকের বিরাট ক্ষতি হল (suffered a great loss)। বণিক দুষ্ট গাধার কৌশল বুঝতে পারল। সে মনে মনে বলল, "আমি বোকা গাধাটিকে ফাঁদে ফেলব । সে আর কখনও খারাপ কাজ করার সাহস করবে না।"

তৃতীয় দিন, বণিক গাধাটিকে তুলার (cotton)  বোঝা দিল। গাধাটি, যথারীতি, একই কৌশল চেষ্টা করেছিল। এটি ইচ্ছাকৃতভাবে পুকুরে পড়ে গেল। তুলাটি জল শুষে (absorb)  নিল। এটা ওজনে অনেক বেড়ে গেল।তখন গাধাটির ওই ভার বহন করতে খুব কষ্ট হচ্ছিল।সে একটি ভালো শিক্ষা পেল।

                                                            যেমন কর্ম তেমন ফল

make someone fall into a trap---কাউকে বিপদে ফেলা

A. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions:

1. The keys are ___ the drawer.

2. She sat ___ the chair and started reading.

3. We are going to Kolkata ___ Monday.

4. The cat jumped ___ the wall.

5. The school is closed ___ Sunday..

A. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions:

1. The keys are ___ the drawer.

2. She sat ___ the chair and started reading.

3. We are going to Kolkata ___ Monday.

4. The cat jumped ___ the wall.

5. The school is closed ___ Sunday..

A. Fill in the blanks with appropriate articles (a, an, the, or no article):

1. She bought ___ umbrella and ___ raincoat yesterday.

2. I saw ___ owl sitting on ___ tree.

3. My sister is ___ engineer.

4. ___ Ganga is a holy river.

5. He wants to become ___ honest man.

Either Ramesh or his friends __________(is/are) playing football.

1. Change "Too...To" into Meaningful Sentences Without "Too...To"

a) The room is too noisy to study.
b) He is too tired to run.
c) This food is too spicy to eat.
d) She is too angry to listen.
e) They are too young to drive.

2. Reported Speech

Rewrite the sentences in reported speech.

a) She said, “I am going to the market now.”
b) He said to me, “Do you like football?”
c) They said, “We have completed the project.”
d) I said to her, “Please help me.”
e) The teacher said, “The earth revolves around the sun.”

3. Change the Voice (Active ↔ Passive)

a) She is writing a novel.
b) They will announce the results tomorrow.
c) The match was won by our team.
d) Has he completed the assignment?
e) Let the door be opened.

4.Fill in the blanks with appropriate articles and prepositions:

Rajesh is ______ honest boy who always speaks the truth. He believes ______ hard work. One day, he found ______ wallet in the park. He looked for the owner and returned it. The owner was surprised ______ his honesty. Rajesh told him that it was his duty to be honest.

5. Interchange of Degrees of Comparison

(Positive ↔ Comparative ↔ Superlative)

a) No other player is as talented as Virat. (Superlative)
b) Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world. (Positive)
c) This book is better than that one. (Positive)
d) He is one of the best students in the class. (Comparative)
e) Your answer is as correct as mine. (Comparative)

6. Affirmative ↔ Negative (Without Changing Meaning)

Transform the following sentences:

a) He is always punctual.
b) She never disrespects her elders.
c) Everyone liked the idea.
d) I will never forget this day.
e) It is a difficult task.

1. Fill in the Blanks with a Suitable Relative Pronoun

Choose from: who, which, that, whose, where

a) This is the boy ______ won the race.
b) The book ______ you gave me is interesting.
c) I know a girl ______ father is a doctor.
d) This is the house ______ I was born.
e) The car ______ broke down was very old.

2. Spot the Error and Correct It

Each sentence contains one grammatical error. Rewrite the sentence correctly.

a) He don’t like to eat fruits.
b) She can sings very well.
c) The boys was playing outside.
d) I am going to market.
e) They watches TV every evening.

3.CHANGE THE VOICE

a) She gave me a gift.
b) The teacher told us a story.
c) He sent his friend a message.
d) My mom made me a sandwich.
e) I wrote her a letter.

4. Identify the Type of Noun

Write: Proper, Common, Abstract, Collective, Material

a) The crowd cheered loudly.
b) Gold is a precious metal.
c) Rahul is my best friend.
d) Honesty is the best policy.
e) The book is on the table.

5. Fill in the Blanks with Correct Degree of Adjective

Choose the correct form: positive, comparative, or superlative.

a) Iron is ______ than wood. (hard)
b) She is the ______ singer in the group. (good)
c) A train is ______ than a car. (fast)
d) This puzzle is ______ than the previous one. (easy)
e) Mount Everest is the ______ mountain in the world. (high)

6. Rewrite the Sentences Using "Too...To"

Change the given sentences by using the "too...to" structure.

a) He is so weak that he cannot walk.
b) The bag is so heavy that I cannot lift it.
c) The tea is so hot that I cannot drink it.
d) She is so shy that she cannot speak in public.
e) It is so dark that we cannot see anything.

1. Choose the Correct Adjective or Adverb

a) She sings (beautiful / beautifully).
b) He is a (good / well) dancer.
c) The road is (quiet / quietly) today.
d) Rahul worked (hard / hardly) for the exam.
e) This is the (most / more) interesting story.

2. Fill in the Blanks with Appropriate Modals

Use: can, could, must, may, should

a) You ______ obey your elders.
b) ______ I come in, sir?
c) He ______ run very fast when he was young.
d) We ______ help the poor.
e) I ______ finish my homework before dinner.

3. Degrees of Comparison

Write the correct form: Positive, Comparative, or Superlative.

a) This flower is (beautiful) than that one.
b) He is the (tall) boy in the class.
c) She is as (smart) as her sister.
d) Mount Everest is the (high) mountain in the world.
e) Today is (hot) than yesterday.

4. Choose the Correct Determiner

a) There is ______ milk in the jug. (some / any)
b) I don’t have ______ money. (many / any)
c) He has ______ friends in the city. (much / many)
d) ______ student in the class passed the test. (Every / All)
e) There are ______ apples in the basket. (a few / a little)

5. Editing Exercise

Find and correct the error in each line. One word is incorrect in each sentence.

Example:
She are going to the market. → are → is

a) He have a pet dog.
b) They was playing in the park.
c) She don’t like milk.
d) We goes to school every day.
e) I am writing a letter yesterday.

1. Identify the Tense

a) She is reading a novel.

b) We have finished our homework.

c) He went to the zoo last Sunday.
d) They will visit us next week.
e) I play the guitar every day.

2. Fill in the Blanks with the Correct Form of the Verb

a) The sun ______ (rise) in the east.
b) I ______ (study) when you called me.
c) She ______ (complete) her project already.
d) We ______ (go) to the movie tomorrow.
e) They ______ (watch) a movie last night.

4. Combine the Sentences Using Conjunctions

Use: and, but, or, because, so

a) I was tired. I went to bed early.
b) He studied hard. He failed the test.
c) Would you like tea? Would you like coffee?
d) I stayed home. It was raining.
e) She is kind. She is honest.

5. Change the Voice (Active ↔ Passive)

a) The teacher teaches us grammar.
b) They will complete the project soon.
c) The letter was written by him.
d) She is singing a song.
e) He had broken the window.

6. Fill in the Blanks with the Correct Preposition

Choose from: in, on, at, by, to, over, under

a) The book is lying ______ the table.
b) She lives ______ Mumbai.
c) We arrived ______ the airport at 8 p.m.
d) He traveled ______ train.
e) The cat jumped ______ the wall.

7. Fill in the Blanks with Correct Degree of Adjective

Choose the correct form: positive, comparative, or superlative.

a) Iron is ______ than wood. (hard)
b) She is the ______ singer in the group. (good)
c) A train is ______ than a car. (fast)
d) This puzzle is ______ than the previous one. (easy)
e) Mount Everest is the ______ mountain in the world. (high)

1. Fill in the Blanks with the Correct Tense

Use the correct form of the verb in brackets.

a) She ______ (go) to school every day.
b) They ______ (play) football yesterday.
c) I ______ (read) this book now.
d) The sun ______ (rise) in the east.
e) We ______ (visit) the zoo last weekend.

2. Subject-Verb Agreement

Choose the correct verb.

a) The dog (bark/barks) at strangers.
b) The boys (run/runs) fast.
c) My mother (cook/cooks) delicious food.
d) He (like/likes) to play chess.
e) They (is/are) going to the park.

3. Fill in the Blanks with Correct Pronouns

Choose from: he, she, it, we, they, I, you

a) My name is Rani. ___ am ten years old.
b) Rahul is my friend. ___ loves cricket.
c) This is a book. ___ is very interesting.
d) Meena and I are classmates. ___ go to school together.
e) Look at those children! ___ are playing football.

4. Change into Negative Sentences

Rewrite these sentences in the negative form.

a) She likes chocolate.
b) They play in the evening.
c) I am ready.
d) He is going to school.
e) We saw a tiger.

                            Class X Grammar Question Set

Section A: Tenses

Q1. Fill in the blanks with the correct tense of the verb in brackets:
a) She usually ______ (go) to school by bus.
b) They ______ (watch) a movie when the power went out.
c) By next year, we ______ (complete) this project.

Section B: Active and Passive Voice

Q2. Change the following sentences into passive voice:
a) The chef prepared a delicious meal.
b) She will complete the assignment by tomorrow.
c) They are painting the house.

Section C: Direct and Indirect Speech

Q3. Rewrite the following in indirect speech:
a) He said, “I am going to the market.”
b) She said to me, “Do you like music?”
c) The teacher said, “Keep quiet.”

Section D: Articles

Q4. Fill in the blanks with suitable articles (a, an, the):
a) I saw ___ elephant in the zoo.
b) She is ___ honest woman.
c) He wants to become ___ engineer.

Section E: Prepositions

Q5. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions:
a) The cat is hiding ___ the table.
b) She has been living in this city ___ 2010.
c) We walked ___ the river bank.

Section F: Conjunctions

Q6. Combine the sentences using appropriate conjunctions:
a) He is poor. He is honest.
b) I will call you. I reach home.
c) He studied hard. He failed the test.

Section G: Error Correction

Q7. Identify the error and correct the sentence:
a) He do not like coffee.
b) The book on the table are mine.
c) She sings good.

Section H: Sentence Transformation

Q4. Rewrite the sentences as directed:
a) She is too tired to walk. (Remove "too")
b) He said, “I will help you.” (Change to indirect speech)
c) This room is not big enough. (Use “too”)

d) What a beautiful painting it is!(Assertive)

e)How fast he runs!(Assertive)

f) He is always on time.(Negative)

g) This building is as tall as that one.(Comparative)